In the first step of hydroboration mechanism, why is an arrow drawn from the pi bond of the alkene to the b atom of the borane reagent signifying the pi electrons are used to make a new c-b bond? see the background information presented with part i.

The borane reagent acts as a Lewis acid because it is electron-deficient.

Explanation:

The borane reagent is electron-deficient because it does not have a complete octet. Thus, it is electrophilic and accepts donation of the electrons from the alkene.

there is none because earth is stationary and flat.

i think it's letter a.