What is [h] in a 0.270 m solution of acrylic acid, ch, chcooh (ka = 3.16 x 10-5)?

The concentration of [H⁺] is 2.90 x 10⁻³ M

Explanation:

Hi there!

Acrylic acid is a weak acid, then, it does not dissociate completely:

CHCHCOOH ⇄ CHCHCOO⁻ + H⁺

In the equilibrium, the concentrations of H⁺ and CHCHCOO⁻ are equal but unknown. Let´s call these concentrations as "x"

The concentration of CHCHCOOH in the equilibrium is the initial concentration minus the concentration of H⁺or CHCHCOO⁻. Then, in the equilibrium, the concentration of CHCHCOOH will be: 0.270 M - x

Concentrations in equilibrium:

CHCHCOOH ⇄ CHCHCOO⁻ + H⁺

  0.270 - x                  x              x

The constant Ka is calculated as:

ka = product of the concentrations of products / product of the concentrations of reactans

For a generic reaction:

HA ⇄ A⁻ + H⁺

ka = [A⁻][H⁺] / [HA]

where:

[A⁻], [H⁺] and [HA] are molar concentrations

In our problem:

ka = [ CHCHCOO⁻][H⁺] / [CHCHCOOH]

ka = x * x / 0.270 - x    

3.16 x 10⁻⁵ = x² / 0.270 - x

3.16 x 10⁻⁵ * ( 0.270 - x) = x²

8.53 x 10⁻⁶ - 3.16 x 10⁻⁵ * x = x²

8.53 x 10⁻⁶ - 3.16 x 10⁻⁵ * x - x² = 0

Solving the quadratic equation (a = -1, b = -3.16 x 10⁻⁵ and c = 8.53 x 10⁻⁶) :

x = 2.90 x 10⁻³ M  ( the other vlaue of x is negative and therefore discarded)

Then, the concentration of [H⁺] is 2.90 x 10⁻³ M.

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explanation:

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2fe + 3h2so4 -> fe2(so4)3 + 3h2

it is necessary to balance equations in order to get the proper amount of reactants as well as products in order not to make a miscalculation.

you cannot change the subscripts as that would change the substance itself. for instance, diatomic elements such as h2 only have the subscript two when a gas. another example would be so4, if you were to change the subscript, the element would no longer be sulfate.

we change the coefficients instead as that only changes the number of molecules rather than the substance itself.

hope this !