What are simplified definitions of the following words"synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, or double replacement"?

The Four Major Types of Reactions

Name General Reaction Pattern

Combination or synthesis A + B > AB

Decomposition AB > A + B

Substitution or Single Replacement A + BC > B + AC

Metathesis or Double Displacement AB + CD > AD + CB

Combination or Synthesis Reactions Two or more reactants unite to form a single product.

S + O2 > SO2

sulphur oxygen sulphur dioxide

2 S + 3 O2 > 2 SO3

sulphur oxygen sulphur trioxide

2 Fe + O2 > 2 FeO

iron oxygen iron (II) oxide

Decomposition Reactions A single reactant is decomposed or broken down into two or more

products.

CaCO3 > CaO + CO2

calcium carbonate calcium oxide carbon dioxide

2 H2O > 2 H2 + O2

water hydrogen oxygen

2 KClO3 > 2 KCl + 3 O2

potassium chlorate potassium chloride oxygen

Substitution or Single Replacement Reactions A single free element replaces or is substituted for one of the elements in a compound. The free element is more reactive than the one its replaces.

Zn + 2 HCl > H2 + ZnCl2

zinc hydrochloric acid hydrogen zinc chloride

Cu + 2 AgNO3 > 2 Ag + Cu(NO3)2

copper silver nitrate silver copper (II) nitrate

H2 + 2 AgNO3 > 2 Ag + 2 HNO3

hydrogen silver nitrate silver nitric acid

2 Na + 2 H2O > 2 NaOH + H2

sodium water sodium hydroxide hydrogen

Metathesis or Double Displacement Reactions This reaction type can be viewed as an "exchange of partners." For ionic compounds, the positive ion in the first compound combines with the negative ion in the second compound, and the positive ion in the second compound combines with the negative ion in the first compound.

HCl + NaOH > NaCl + HOH

hydrochloric sodium sodium water

acid hydroxide chloride

BaCl2 + 2 AgNO3 > 2 AgCl + Ba(NO3)2

barium silver silver barium

chloride nitrate chloride nitrate

(precipitate)

CaCO3 + 2 HCl > CaCl2 + H2CO3

calcium hydrochloric calcium carbonic

carbonate acid chloride acid

Explanation:

The vast number of chemical reactions can be classified in any number of ways. Under one scheme they can be categorized either as oxidation-reduction (electron transfer) reactions or non-oxidation-reduction reactions. Another completely different but common classification scheme recognizes

23.5

23.5

47.0

each chemical family is represented as a group or column on the periodic table. based on chemical properties, there are 6 types of chemical families. group 1 represents alkali metals, group 2 represents alkaline earth metals, groups 3 to 12 represent transition metals, groups 13 to 16 represent non-metals and other metals, group 17 represents halogens and group 18 represents noble gases.