Asample ofoxygen gas in one container has a volume of 20.0mililiter at 297 k and 101.3 kpa. the entire samle is transferred to another container where the temperature is 283 k and the pressure is 94.6 kpa. which is correct numerical setup for caculating the new volume of this sample of oxygen gas

first one is the correct answer

c. heat could easily travel through the molecules in the air and escape/enter the flask. removing the air slows down the heat transfer.  

a polar bond is formed when electrons are shared unevenly between atoms

it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.