If this same atom with 22 protons and 19 electrons were to gain 3 electrons, the net charge on the atom would be

neutral

Explanation:

19+3=22

22 protons & 22 neutrons --> neutral net charge

the old alchemists made significant contributions to science even though there starting premises were off a bit. their conclusions after failure would steer them into better directions for investigation. science is no more than close observation and the initial mistakes result in rethinking and retrying experiments.