Explain what a cation is and in terms of electrons, why does it have a positive charge. explain what an anion is and why anions have a negative charge. what type of bond would these ions form?

Explanation:

Cation:

When an atom lose the electron positive charge is created on atom and atom is called cation.

Anion:

When an atom accept an electron negative charge is created on atom and it is called anion.

Electron have negative charge that's why when in loses from atom negative charge become less and positive charge is increased that's why atom when lose the electron have positive charge.

When atom accept the electron one more negative charge is created and anion is formed because of this negative charge.

When both anion and cations are combine ionic bond is formed.

For example:

sodium atom loses its one valance electron and form cation Na⁺ chlorine atom gain one electron and form anion Cl⁻. both combine to form sodium chloride through ionic bond.

answer is: naturally occurring solid, inorganic compound or element is mineral.

minerals usually have crystalline form, that means than crystal constituents (atoms, molecules or ions) are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.

for example magnetite is a mineral of iron oxide (fe₂o₃).

calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (caco₃).

dolomite is an   carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate (camg(co₃)₂).

it is the most commonly accepted one