1. carbon cycle
all of the physical processes and chemical reactions that result in the movement of carbon between the biosphere (living forms) and the geosphere (water, earth, and atmosphere)
2. carbon footprint
an overall increase in world temperatures that may be caused by additional heat being trapped by greenhouse gases
3. global warming
components of the air mixture that trap infrared (heat) energy
4. greenhouse gas
a calculation that considers an individual's contribution to the process of global warming based on activities leading to greenhouse gas production

answer: option (b) is the correct answer.

explanation:

a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. whereas polarity arises due to difference in electronegativity of two atoms.

therefore, more is the electronegativity of an atom which combines with the titanium, more readily it will induce a partial positive and negative charge.

thus, out of the given options fluorine is most electronegative and has an incomplete octet. therefore, it will readily combine with titanium to share the electrons and complete its octet.  

they all get energy from eating other animals, dead animals to be more precise.

hienas tends to steal pray from other animals. crows and vultures tend to eat dead animals and leftovers.

hope it ,

bioteacher101