Determine how many subatomic particles are in the following days

Number of protons in Na²⁴ = 11

Number of neutrons in Na²⁴ = 13

Number of electrons in Na²⁴ = 11

Number of protons in I¹³¹ = 53

Number of neutrons in I¹³¹ = 78  

Number of electrons in I¹³¹  = 53

Explanation:

Sodium is present in group one.

Atomic number of sodium is 11.

Its atomic mass is 23 amu.

Electronic configuration:

Na₁₁ = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹

Number of protons in Na²⁴ = 11

Number of neutrons in Na²⁴ = 13 (24-11= 13)

Number of electrons in Na²⁴ = 11

Iodine:

Iodine is halogen element.

Its atomic number is 53.

Its atomic mass is 127 amu.

Electronic configuration:

I₅₃= [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁵

Number of protons in I¹³¹ = 53

Number of neutrons in I¹³¹ = 78  (131-53= 78)

Number of electrons in I¹³¹  = 53

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.

it is the most commonly accepted one