What are the charges of families 1, 2, & 13 (boron family) if/when they become ions

Explanation:

Group one elements are alkali metals. All alkali metal have one valance electron. They loses their one valance electron and from cation with charge of +1.

Charges on group one.

Hydrogen = +1

Lithium = +1

Sodium = +1

Potassium = +1

Rubidium = +1

Cesium = +1

Francium = +1

Group two elements are alkaline earth metals. All alkaline earth metal have two valance electron. They loses their two valance electron and from cation with charge of +2.

Charges on group two.

Beryllium = +2

Magnesium = +2

Calcium = +2

Strontium = +2

Barium= +2

Radium = +2

Group 13 elements are boron family. All elements have three valance electrons. They loses their three valance electron and from cation with charge of +3.

Charges on group 13.

Boron = +3

Aluminium = +3

Gallium = +3

Indium = +3

Thallium= +3

Group 13 elements are also shows +1 charge by losing one valance electron.

explanation:

crosscutting concepts have application across all domains of science. as such, they are a way of linking the different domains of science. they include patterns; cause and effect; scale, proportion, and quantity; systems and system models; energy and matter; structure and function; and stability and change.

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