Anew potential heart medicine, code-named x-281, is being tested by a pharmaceutical company, pharma-pill. as a research technician at pharma-pill, you are told that x-281 is a monoprotic weak acid, but because of security concerns, the actual chemical formula must remain top secret. the company is interested in the drug's ka value because only the dissociated form of the chemical is active in preventing cholesterol buildup in arteries.
to find the pka of x-281, you prepare a 0.089 m test solution of x-281 at 25.0 ∘c. the ph of the solution is determined to be 2.40.
a. what is the pka of x-281? express your answer numerically.
at 25∘c, for any conjugate acid-base pair
pka + pkb = 14.00
b. what is pkb of the conjugate base of x-281? (assume 25 ∘c.) express your answer numerically.

The answer to your question really depends on three things: how much water you have, how cold it is to start out, and how cold the things around it are. water actually freezes when it gets to 32 degrees fahrenheit (0 degrees celsius), but the time it takes to get there may be different.  let's start with the first. if you take two glasses, and fill one with a tiny bit of water, and the other about halfway, then put them both in the freezer, the one with less water will freeze first (you can try this at home, but i recommend using plastic cups and not glass ones).  now let's move on to the second part. let's say you have two glasses, and you fill one with really cold water that has been in the refrigerator, and the other with really hot water from the sink. if you put both of them in the freezer, the one that started out colder will freeze first.  for the third part, let's imagine that you have two glasses with the same amount of water in them, and the water is at the same temperature. imagine putting one outside on a really really cold day in georgia, and having a friend in alaska put one outside on the same day. since it would be so much colder in alaska, the glass of water there would freeze before yours.  so, if you took a tiny bit of really cold water in a glass, and put it outside on a cold day in alaska, it would freeze a lot faster than a big glass of hot water outside on a cold day in georgia. 

The answer is c - the principal of original lateral continuity.