How does adding a non-volatile solute to a pure solvent affect the boiling point of the pure solvent?

the solvent will have a lower boiling point.

the solvent will have a higher boiling point.

the solvent's boiling point will not be affected.

the solvent's boiling point will most likely change, but not in a predictable way.

What is lincoln's purpose in writing this speech? question 1 options: to stress the difficulties of war to honor those who died in the war to call for an end to the war to call the country to join a new war

6what is the importance of water on earth? a) it keeps the top layer of the geosphere cool b) it allows life to exist c) it provides ice at the poles d) it creates earth's blue color from space

)benzene and toluene form nearly ideal solutions. consider an equimolar solution of benzene and toluene. at 20 °c the vapour pressures of pure benzene and toluene are 9.9 kpa and 2.9 kpa, respectively. the solution is boiled by reducing the external pressure below the vapour pressure. calculate (i) the pressure when boiling begins, (ii) the composition of each component in the vapour, and (iii) the vapour pressure when only a few drops of liquid remain. assume that the rate of vaporization is low enough for the temperature to remain constant at 20 °c.