Elements that are characterized by the filling of p orbitals are classified as

a. groups 3a through 8a

b. groups 1a and 2a

c. inner transition metals

d. transition metals

️

Explanation:

From 3A- 8A, all the electron configuration of elements end in the p-orbital. See for example

Al. 1 s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1

Ne- 1s2 2s2 2p6

They are collectively called the p-block elements because their electron configuration always end in np

astronomers such as edwin hubble.

"standard molar enthalpy:

h2o ( liquid water ) : - 285.8 kj/mole

h2o ( water vapor ) : - 241.8 kj / mole.

δhrxn = - 241. 8 - ( - 285.8 )= -241.8 + 285.8 = 44.0

answer: 44.0 kj"