Explain how the electrical model for the control of cellvolume
can be used to conclude what would follow from poisoning thena-k
exchange pump. assume that as the poison acts, it shows thepump
rate until it eventually shuts off completely. refer theappropriate
equation(s).

Control of Cell Volume and Membrane Potential Basic

Basic problem

• The cell is full of components like Proteins, ions, fats, etc.

• Ordinarily, these would cause huge osmotic pressures, sucking water into the cell.

• The cell membrane has no structural strength, and the cell would burst.

Basic solution to the problem above

• Cells carefully regulate their intracellular ionic concentrations in order, to ensure that no osmotic pressures arise

• Consequently, the major ions Na+, K+, Cl- and Ca2+ in the cell have different concentrations in the extracellular and intracellular environments.

• And thus a voltage difference arises across the cell membrane.

Essentially two different kinds of cells: excitable and nonexcitable.

• All cells have a resting membrane potential, but only excitable cells modulate it actively.

Explanation:

In the case where there is a poisoning of the Na-K exchange pump.

Inhibition kicks off.

The pump requires binding by Na+ , K+ and ATP for its operation. Therefore , if the concentration of any of these substances is too low, the pump does not function.

When the temperature is reduced. During oxygen lack. Metabolic poisoning thus prevents the formation of ATP.

Potential buildup in the Na+ ion will be used by many different processes e.g cotransporter, neuron signalling etc.

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.

here are some of the ways in which chemical and nuclear reactions differ.

explanation: