If a buffer solution is 0.540 m in a weak acid ( k a = 8.0 × 10 − 6 ) and 0.230 m in its conjugate base, what is the ph?

In a ni-cd battery, a fully charged cell is composed of nickelic hydroxide. nickel is an element that has multiple oxidation states. assume the following proportions of the states: nickel charge proportions found 0 0.17 +2 0.3 +3 0.33 +4 0.5 (a) determine the mean of the nickel charge. enter the answer to 2 decimal places.(b) determine the cumulative distribution function of nickel charge.

Observation and experimentation have led many scientists to accept a theory about the origin of the universe. this theory is called the big bang theory. scientific evidence collected and observed by scientists around the world suggests that the universe is ever expanding from a hot and dense initial state. what makes this a scientific theory? (2 points)

Why is it possible for different microorganisms to extract energy not only from carbohydrates and other biological molecules but from a large variety of substances?