The electronegativities of titanium and oxygen are 1.5 and 3.5. calculate the fraction of bonding that is covalent for titania (tio2 ).

0.63 is the fraction of bonding

Explanation:

This is the formula for fraction of bonding

covalent =  1 - e ^( - 0.25 . ΔEn²)

First of all, let's determine ΔEn, where you subtract the two values of electronegativity for each element

En O = 3.5

En Ti = 1.5

ΔEn = 3.4 - 1.5 = 2

covalent = 1 - e ^( - 0.25 2²)

covalent = 1 - e ^(- 0.25 . 4)

covalent = 1 - e ^-1 → 0.63

bonding is mostly covalent

the number of protons in the nucleus of a given element. has slight luster and conducts electricity at high temperatures like metal.but like a nonmetal,boron is brittle and does not conduct electricity well at low temperatures. in graphite, carbon is a soft,brittle solid.it is reflective,ductile,or malleable.