Which of the isomeric alcohols having the molecular formula c5h12o are chiral which are achiral?

Chiral:

3-Methyl-2-butanol

Achiral:

1-Pentanol

3-Pentanol

3-Methyl-1-butanol

Explanation:

Only the molecule that bears a carbon atom surrounded by 4 different groups can be said to be Chiral, the other molecules don't satisfy this property.

C5H12O has eight isomers  

Chiral isomers are:  

Pentan-2-ol

2-Methylbutan-1-ol

3-Methylbutan-2-ol

Achiral isomers are:

Pentan-1-ol

Pentan-3-ol

3-Methylbutan-1-ol

3-Methylbutan-2-ol

2, 2-dimethylpropan-1-ol

Explanation:

C5H12O has eight isomers out of which three are chiral and five are achiral in nature

The isomers that have carbon atom(s) that are surrounded by four different groups are Chiral in nature while those that do not have such carbon atom(s) are achiral.  

Thus, only pentan-2-ol, 2-methylbutan-1-ol and 3-methylbutan-2-ol which have carbon atoms surrounded by four different groups are chiral. The carbon atom carrying the hydroxyl (-OH) group is the chiral carbon atom in these three isomers. While the carbon atoms in the other five isomers are achiral.

explanation:

let the different atoms be x and y. each with four protons and same mass will be represented as follows.

mass number is number of protons + number of neutrons.

            and  

since, it is given that one has a negative charge while the other is neutral. therefore, there will be increase in number of protons and the atom will be represented as follows.

according to periodic table, mass number of beryllium is 9 and it has atomic number 4 so, the atoms will be and .  

the protons and neutrons will be located inside the nucleus whereas the electrons will be revolving around the nucleus.