CHEMISTRY. ILL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST!
Read the following passage.

The cathode ray experiment indicated the existence of negatively charged particles in an atom. This experiment also disproved the part of Dalton's atomic model that claimed indivisibility of the atom. When the experiment was repeated using cathodes made of a different metal, each time the results were consistent. These discoveries of Thompson were later substantiated by Robert Millikan when he calculated the charge on an electron.

Use information from the passage to justify whether the characteristics of reliable scientific explanations are present in the development of the atomic theory.

answer:

Cathode rays are so named because they are emitted by the negative electrode, or cathode, in a vacuum tube. To release electrons into the tube, they must first be detached from the atoms of the cathode. The early cold cathode vacuum tubes, called Crookes tubes, used a high electrical potential between the anode and the cathode to ionize the residual gas in the tube. The electric field accelerated the ions and the ions released electrons when they collided with the cathode.

Modern vacuum tubes use thermionic emission, in which the cathode is made of a thin wire filament that is heated by a separate electric current passing through it. The increased random heat motion of the filament atoms knocks electrons out of the atoms at the surface of the filament and into the evacuated space of the tube. Since the electrons have a negative charge, they are repelled by the cathode and attracted to the anode. They travel in straight lines through the empty tube. The voltage applied between the electrodes accelerates these low mass particles to high velocities.

Cathode rays are invisible, but their presence was first detected in early vacuum tubes when they struck the glass wall of the tube, exciting the atoms of the glass and causing them to emit light—a glow called fluorescence. Researchers noticed that objects placed in the tube in front of the cathode could cast a shadow on the glowing wall, and realized that something must be traveling in straight lines from the cathode. After the electrons reach the anode, they travel through the anode wire to the power supply and back to the cathode, so cathode rays carry electric current through the tube.

Explanation:

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