. Hemoglobin (Hb) and oxygen gas form a complex (HbO2) that carries oxygen throughout the human body. Unfortunately, carbon monoxide also binds to hemoglobin so that an equilibrium is established. Carbon monoxide poisoning occurs when the concentration of HbO2 in the blood is reduced. HbO2 CO HbCO O2 The first aid for a person suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning is to (1) remove them to an area of fresh air, and (2) administer oxygen. Using the principles of equilibrium, explain how each of these helps to restore the HbO2 concentration.

1. Removing them to an area of fresh air. This helps to prevents further poisoning by the carbon monoxide and increase the amount of oxygen entering into the body. This will help to reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide binding oxygen

2. Administering pure oxygen goes a long way to enhance ventilation and increase the oxygen saturation to 100%. This will help to overcome the effect of the carbon monoxide and promote more hemoglobin binding

it forms an anion that has a larger radius. anions have a negative charge and are larger than the original atom.