Consider an ideal gas with N = 1023 particles and an internal energy of U = 100 J. If the gas triples in volume, but its entropy remains constant, what is the internal energy after it expands? Hint: write the new energy as aU, and solve for a.

Explanation:

This is a trick question!

The intenal energy is the total heat energy stored in the system. The only factor that affects the internal energy of a system is the temperature. If during heating the temperature increases it’s internal energy also increases and it decreases when the temperature decreases.

This means the gas tripling in volume and entropy being consant have no effect whatsoever on the internal energy. The internal energy of the system, U remains 100J.

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.