Acetic acid, ethanol, acetaldehyde and ethane form a series of 2-carbon molecules which differ in their extent of oxidation. Convert ethanol to the next more reduced form in that ordered series. HelpMarvin JS

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Explanation:

Ethanol can be oxidized to ethanal or acetaldehyde which is further oxidized to acid that is acetic acid.

→   [oxidation by loss of hydrogen]

An oxidizing agent potassium dichromate(VI) solution is used to remove the hydrogen from the ethanol.  An oxidizing agent used along with dilute sulphuric acid for acidification.

Acetaldehyde can also be reduced back to ethanol again by adding hydrogen to it by using a reducing agent that is sodium tetrahydro borate, NaBH4.

The oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids can be done by the two-step process.  In the first step, one molecule of water is added in the presence of a catalyst that is acidic. There is a generation of a hydrate. (geminal 1,1-diol).

       →   [reduction by the gain of electrons]

Here, the oxidizing agent used is in the presence of acetone.

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