What type of energy is this?

Iknow #2 is d. i just need to know why

1. suppose a reaction mixture, when diluted with water, afforded 300 ml of an aqueous solution of 30 g of the reaction product malononitrile [ch2(cn)2], which is to be isolated by extraction with ether. the solubility of malononitrile in ether at room temperature is 20.0 g/100 ml, and in water is 13.3 g/100 ml. what weight of malononitrile would be recovered by extraction with (a) three 100-ml portions of ether and (b) one 300-ml portion of ether? suggestion: for each extraction, let x equal the weight extracted into the ether layer. in part (a), the concentration in the ether layer is x/100 and in the water layer is (30 x)/300; the ratio of these quantities is equal to k 20/13.3.

Silver tarnishes as silver metal reacts with hydrogen sulfide, h2s, in the air. in this reaction, dark silver sulfide, au2s, covers the surface of silver. when silver is polished, this coating of silver sulfide can be removed from the surface. this makes the silver shiny again. enter the coefficients that balance the tarnishing reaction equation. (type 1 for no coefficient.)