An aqueous antifreeze solution is 40.0% ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) by mass. The density of the solution is 1.75 g/cm3. Calculate the molality, molarity, and mole fraction of the ethylene glycol.

Xm ethylene glycol = 0.16

Molality = 10.75 m

Molarity = 11.3M

Explanation:

40.0% by mass. This data says that 40 g of ethyelen glycol are contained in 100 g of solution

Therefore: Mass of solute is 40g

Mass of solvent = 60 g

Mass of solution = 100 g

We convert the mass to moles → 40 g . 1mol / 62 g = 0.645 moles

We convert the solvent mass to moles → 60 g . 1mol /18g = 3.33 moles

Xm ethylene glycol = Moles of ethylene glycol / Total moles

0.645 / (0.645 + 3.33) = 0.16

Molality are the moles of solute in 1kg of solvent.

We convert the mass of solvent to kg → 60 g . 1kg/1000g = 0.060kg

Molality (mol/kg) = 0.645 mol /0.060kg = 10.75 m

To determine molarity we use the density of solution in order to find out the volume: density = mass / volume

1.75 g/cm³ = 100 g / volume → 100 g / 1.75 g/cm³ = 57.1 cm³  (1cm³ = 1ml)

We convert the solution's volume to L → 57.1 mL . 1L/1000mL = 0.0571L

Molarity → moles of solute in 1L of solution

Molarity (mol/L) → 0.645 mol / 0.0571L = 11.3M

here we have to get the change of moles on decrease the volume of the reaction in gas phase.

the   per the given options it will decrease by (d) 11-50%

we know, on decreasing the volume of the gas phase reaction the reaction moves to the product side.

the reaction:                     so₂cl₂ (g) = so₂ (g) + cl₂ (g)         total

the moles at equilibrium:   1 - α                 α               α           = 1+α

concentrations:                   1 - α               α               α           = 1 + α

(concentration = moles/volume, as volume is 1 l)

(where α is the degree of dissociation)

now the dissociation constant in terms of concentration is :

=  

or,

or,   = (at v = 1l)

the reaction:                     so₂cl₂ (g) = so₂ (g) + cl₂ (g)         total

the moles at equilibrium:   1 - α                 α               α           = 1+α

concentrations:               (1 - α)/0.5           α/0.5         α/0.5       = (1 + α)/0.5

thus, the dissociation constant in terms of concentration is :

or,  

=  

so, the change of 1 : 1/0.5

or, 1: 2

thus it will decrease by 50%.

or, as per the given options it will decrease by 11-50%

periodic trends is an atom that gets larger as the number of electronic shells increase, the radius of atoms increases as you go down a certain group in the periodic table of elements. in general, the size of an atom will decrease as you move from left to right of a certain period.