Identify molecules and crystals

If a || b and e || f, what is the value of y ?

Can someone me with these questions plz.

Three cards with holes are arranged in a straight line. a light is shined through the first card’s hole and travels through all three cards. what does this tell you about light rays? a) that light is reflected b) that light is refractive c) that light travels in a straight line d) that light does not travel in a straight line