In the lab, you added an excess of acetic acid to drive the reaction forward, favoring products at equilibrium according to Le Chatelier's Principle. Which of the following could you also do to drive the reaction forward and favor products at equilibrium
a. Remove the alcohal starting material
b. Remove exess water
c. Increase the tempature
d. Add extra water

Remove exess water

Explanation:

The reaction involved is an esterification reaction. Esterification is a reaction in which alcohol and carboxylic acid reacts to yield an ester and water. It is analogous to the inorganic neutralization reaction.

According to Le Chatelier's principle , one method of driving the equilibrium towards the forward reaction is by removal of one of the products. In this case, if water is removed, the forward reaction is favoured.

here we have to get the change of moles on decrease the volume of the reaction in gas phase.

the   per the given options it will decrease by (d) 11-50%

we know, on decreasing the volume of the gas phase reaction the reaction moves to the product side.

the reaction:                     so₂cl₂ (g) = so₂ (g) + cl₂ (g)         total

the moles at equilibrium:   1 - α                 α               α           = 1+α

concentrations:                   1 - α               α               α           = 1 + α

(concentration = moles/volume, as volume is 1 l)

(where α is the degree of dissociation)

now the dissociation constant in terms of concentration is :

=  

or,

or,   = (at v = 1l)

the reaction:                     so₂cl₂ (g) = so₂ (g) + cl₂ (g)         total

the moles at equilibrium:   1 - α                 α               α           = 1+α

concentrations:               (1 - α)/0.5           α/0.5         α/0.5       = (1 + α)/0.5

thus, the dissociation constant in terms of concentration is :

or,  

=  

so, the change of 1 : 1/0.5

or, 1: 2

thus it will decrease by 50%.

or, as per the given options it will decrease by 11-50%

i believe it is c.) 1575 j.