G Tom's roommate Bob spilled crystal violet solution on his lab coat, and Tom offers to use some lye (sodium hydroxide solution) to clean it off. Bob suggest diluting the lye with water, but Tom argues that the cleaning action will be faster if concentrated lye is used. Bob counters that the speed of cleaning doesn't depend on the concentration of the lye. Who is correct? Use your results to support your conclusion.

Tom is correct. The rate of reaction of Crystal violet and NaOH is first order with respect to NaOH, hence, a higher concentration of NaOH corresponds to a higher rate of reaction; a faster reaction.

This means the speed of cleaning depends on the concentration of the lye used.

Explanation:

The reaction between Crystal violet and NaOH, represented as

CV⁺ + OH⁻ → CVOH

It is a reaction that is know to turn the violet colour of the crystal violet colourless.

The rate of the reaction is also known to be second order; first order with respect to Crystal violet and first order with respect to NaOH.

This means that the rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of NaOH provided all other parameters such as the rate constant and the concentration of Crystal violet are constant.

Hence, the reaction becomes faster with an increased concentration of NaOH.

So, Tom is right, concentrated lye solution would remove the stain faster.

Bob is wrong.

Hope this Helps!!!

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

- lead + phosphoric acid = hydrogen + lead(ii) phosphate