Chemistry, 21.04.2020 02:06 pattydixon6

T-Butyl alcohol (TBA) is an important octane enhancer that is used to replace lead additives in gasoline [Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 27, 2224 (1988)]. TBA was produced by the liquid-phase hydration (W) of isobutene (I) over an Amberlyst-15 catalyst. The system is normally a multiphase mixture of hydrocarbon, water, and solid catalysts. However, the use of cosolvents or excess TBA can achieve reasonable miscibility. The reaction mechanism is believed to be

Answers: 2

Show answers

Answers

Answer from: caprisun1440

Complete Question:

t-Butyl alcohol (TBA) is an important octane enhancer that is used to replace lead additives in gasoline [Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 27, 2224 (1988)]. TBA was produced by the liquid-phase hydration (W) of isobutene (I) over an Amberlyst-15 catalyst. The system is normally a multiphase mixture of hydrocarbon, water, and solid catalysts. However, the use of cosolvents or excess TBA can achieve reasonable miscibility. The reaction mechanism is believed to be

I + S ⇄ I*S

W + S ⇄ W*S

W*S + I*S ⇄ TBA * S * S

TBA * S ⇄ TBA + S

Derive a rate law assuming:

(a) The surface reaction is rate limiting

(b) The adsorption of isobutene is limiting

I*S+W ⇄ TBA * S

and surface reaction is limiting

(d) Isobutene (I) and water (W) are adsorbed on different sites

I + S₁ ⇄ I*S₁

W + S₂ ⇄ W*S₂

TBA is not on the surface, and the surface reaction is rate-limiting

$[Ans: r'_{TBA}=-r'_1=\frac{k[C_1C_w-C_{TBA/K_C}]}{(1+K_WC_W)(1+K_1C_1)} ]$

(e) What generalizations can you make by comparing rate laws derived from part (a) through (d)?

Answer and explanation:

The mechanism for the production of t-butyl alcohol is as follows:

the reaction and rate law for the adsorption of isobutene over the amberlyst-15 is as follows:

I + S ⇄ I * S $-r_{ADI} = k_I(C_1C_v-\frac{C_{I.S}}{K_I} )$

where C_V is the concentration of vacant site

K_I is the equilibrium constant of the adsorption

k_I is the rate constant for forward

$C_I,C_{I.S}$ are concentration of isobutene and site filled with isobutene

The reaction and rate law for the adsorption of water (W) over the amberlyst-15 catalyst catalyst is as follows

W + S ⇄ W.S $-r_{ADW} = k_W(C_WC_V-\frac{C_{W.S}}{K_W} )$

The reaction and rate law for the surface reaction on the catalyst is as follows

W.S + I.S ⇄ TBA . S + Sn $-r_s = k_s(C_{W.S}C_{I.S}-\frac{C_{TBA.S}C_V}{K_s} )$

The reaction and rate law for the desorption of TBA from catalyst is as follows

TBA . S ⇄ TBA + S $-r_{D TBA} = k_{DTBA}(C_{TBA.S}-\frac{C_{TBA}C_V}{K_{DTBA}} )$

the attached image below gives the remaining steps

T-Butyl alcohol (TBA) is an important octane enhancer that is used to replace lead additives in gaso

Answer from: Quest

the answer is symmetrical : )

Answer from: Quest

1) according to the law of conservation of mass ,in all chemical reactions total mass is unchanged

Another question on Chemistry

Chemistry, 21.06.2019 18:10

Which statements describe polyatomic ions? check all that apply. polyatomic ions have many charges. polyatomic ions have one overall charge. polyatomic ions repel other ions to form ionic bonds. polyatomic ions attract other ions to form ionic bonds. polyatomic ions are made up of only one type of atom. polyatomic ions are made up of two or more types of atoms.

Answers: 2

Answer

Chemistry, 21.06.2019 22:00

What is the number of moles in 15.0 g ash3?

Answers: 3

Answer

Chemistry, 21.06.2019 23:00

Matches the chemical name of each oxide of phosphorus to its chemical formula

Answers: 2

Answer

Chemistry, 22.06.2019 03:20

What are fructose and glucose an example of?