Calculate the standard entropy of reaction for solid sodium reacting with chlorine gas to form solid NaClNaCl at 25 ∘C∘C. 2Na(s)+Cl2(g)→2NaCl(s)2Na(s)+Cl2(g) →2NaCl(s) Substance and State S∘[J/(K⋅mol)]S∘[J/(K⋅mol)] Na(s)Na(s) 51.2 Cl2(g)Cl2(g) 223.0 NaCl(s)NaCl(s) 72.1

alkaline metals are lithium, sodium, rubidium, potassium, cesium and francium.

alkali metals have electronegativity from 0.7 to 1, lowest in periodic table of elements, which means that alkali metals (i group in periodic table) has positive oxidation number in compounds.

electronegativity is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.

alkaline metals (far left in main group) have lowest ionizations energy and easy remove valence electrons,

for example, potassium is the alkali metal and has a single valence electron in the outer electron shell.

electron configuration of potassium is: ₁₉k 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹.

they can not exist alone in nature, because they are very reactive.

the enthalpy of formation of water is given as -285.8kj/mol, which states that the enthalpy of formation is negative.

negative enthalpy of formation indicates that the heat is released during the reaction process. the heat is released from reaction to the surroundings the enthalpy is expressed with a negative sign with the energy given out in the reaction process.

the formation of water takes place by giving out heat which is -285.8 kj/mol.