Select the factors that influence the rate of a chemical reaction. a. altering the concentration of reactants in the vessel b. changing the temperature of the reaction c. modifying the surface area of reactants d. switching to a vessel made of a different material e. adding a catalyst to the reaction

a. altering the concentration of reactants in the vessel

b. changing the temperature of the reaction

c. modifying the surface area of reactants

e. adding a catalyst to the reaction

Explanation:

The rate of a chemical reaction refers to how fast reactants are converted into products. Certain important factors affect the rate of chemical reaction.

According to the collision theory, reaction occurs due to collision between particles. Hence increasing the concentration or amount of particles present increases the rate of reaction.

It is known that for every 10°C rise in temperature, the rate of reaction doubles. Hence temperature affects the rate of reaction.

Reaction has tondo with interaction of particles. The greater the surface area of reactants available for chemical interaction, the faster the rate of reaction. Hence finely divided solids react faster than solid lumps.

A catalyst increases the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy (energy barrier) of a reaction.

The nature of the reaction vessel has absolutely nothing to do with the rate of reaction.

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.