Beyond simple thermal decomposition, an even more effective means of obtaining energy from NH4ClO4(s) \rm NH_4ClO_4(s) is to mix this oxidizer with a fuel. When NH4ClO4(s) is employed in solid-fuel booster rockets, it is packed with powdered aluminum. The powdered aluminum is the fuel, and the ammonium perchlorate is the oxidizer. Two of the reactions occurring on ignition are

6NH4ClO4(s)+10Al(s)2NH4ClO4(s)+2Al( s)??5Al2O3(s)+6HCl(g)+9H2O(g)+3N2(g ),?H1=?4392.5 kJ

Al2O3(s)+2HCl(g)+3H2O(g)+2NO(g),?H2 =?1172.6 k

Which of the following statements are correct?

Check all that apply.

a. All nitrogen atoms lose three electrons in both reactions.

b. Chlorine is reduced from + +7 to ? -1 in both reactions.

c. Reaction 2 produces more energy per gram of Al \rm Al.

d. The thrust produced by the formation of gaseous products is greater per mole of ammonium perchlorate in Reaction 2.