Which source would be the most reliable to validate a claim?

In general, print publications with authors and listed sources tend to be reliable because they provide sources which readers can verify. Likewise, Web postings with a .gov (posted by the United States government) are both current and reliable.

Explanation:

the old alchemists made significant contributions to science even though there starting premises were off a bit. their conclusions after failure would steer them into better directions for investigation. science is no more than close observation and the initial mistakes result in rethinking and retrying experiments.

it's all four options.