01. A própolis é um produto natural conhecido por suas propriedades anti-inflamatórias e cicatrizantes. Esse material contém mais de 200 compostos identificados até o momento. Dentre eles, alguns são de estrutura simples, como é o caso do C6H5CO2CH2CH3 , cuja estrutura está mostrada a seguir. O ácido carboxílico e o álcool capazes de produzir o éster em apreço por meio da reação de esterificação são, respectivamente, a) ácido benzoico e etanol. b) ácido propanoico e hexanol. c) ácido fenilacético e metanol. d) ácido propiônico e cicloexanol. e) ácido acético e álcool benzílico.

The molecule structure is shown in the attachment.

a) benzoic acid and ethanol

Explanation: Esterification is a chemical reaction between carboxilic acids and alcohols to produce esters, which is a molecule containing a hydrocarbon of some kind. For example, in general:    

R - COOH + R'OH ⇄ R-COOR' + H₂O

So, from this equation, we noticed that hydrogen from the carboxilic acid dissociates to form water with the -OH from the alcohol.

The figure in the attachment shows an union of a benzoic acid (C₆H₅CO₂) and an alcohol containing 2 carbons, i.e., ethanol (CH₂CH₃), then to produce C₆H₅CO₂CH₂CH₃ is necessary a benzoic acid and ethanol.

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight   the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the have energy higher than those in the orbital while lower than those of the orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the orbital is therefore filled right after orbitals and before orbitals.  

potassium has electron configuration and calcium . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the and should be highlighted as well.