Chemistry, 30.05.2020 05:00 hinokayleen5053

Gaseous butane will react with gaseous oxygen to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water . Suppose 42. g of butane is mixed with 150. g of oxygen. Calculate the maximum mass of carbon dioxide that could be produced by the chemical reaction. Round your answer to significant digits.

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Answer from: bobby237065

127 grams of carbon dioxide

Explanation:

We need to determine the chemical equation first. Butane has a chemical formula of $C_4H_{10}$ , oxygen is O_2 , carbon dioxide is CO_2 , and water is H_2O . The reactants are butane and oxygen and the products are carbon dioxide and water. So we write:

$C_4H_{10}+O_2$ ⇒ CO_2+H_2O

But remember! We need to balance this. Currently, there are 4 carbon atoms (C), 10 hydrogen atoms (H), and 2 oxygen atoms (O) on the left, while there are 1 carbon atom (C), 2 hydrogen atoms (H), and 3 oxygen atoms (O) on the right. Let's place a coefficient of 4 in front of the carbon dioxide and a coefficient of 5 on the water, so that we have equal numbers of carbon and hydrogen atoms on each side:

$C_4H_{10}+O_2$ ⇒ 4CO_2+5H_2O

However, we need to ensure that there are equal numbers of O atoms, as well. On the left, we have 2 and on the right we have 13, so let's put a coefficient of 6.5 on the oxygen:

$C_4H_{10}+6.5O_2$ ⇒ 4CO_2+5H_2O

Finally, multiply everything by 2 to get whole number coefficients:

$2C_4H_{10}+13O_2$ ⇒ 8CO_2+10H_2O

Ah, now we can actually get to the problem!

We need to determine the limiting reactant, so let's convert the 42 g of butane and 150 g of oxygen into moles of any product, say, carbon dioxide. To convert to moles, we need to find the molar mass of each compound.

The molar mass of butane is 4 * 12.01 + 10 * 1.01 = 58.14 g/mol, while the molar mass of oxygen is 2 * 16 = 32 g/mol. We can now set up the equations:

$42 gC_4H_{10}*\frac{1molC_4H_{10}}{58.14gC_4H_{10}} *\frac{8molCO_2}{2molC_4H_{10}} =2.8896molCO_2$

$150 gO_2*\frac{1molO_2}{32gO_2} *\frac{8molCO_2}{13molO_2} =2.8846molCO_2$

Clearly, we see that 2.8846 < 2.8896, which means that oxygen is the limiting reactant. In other words, the most products can be made when the oxygen is all used up.

Now let's finally convert moles of carbon dioxide into grams by multiplying by its molar mass, which is 12.01 + 2 * 16 = 44.01 g/mol:

$2.8846molCO_2*\frac{44.01gCO_2}{1molCO_2} =127gCO_2$

Notice that we have 3 significant figures because we had 3 significant figures at the start with 150. grams of oxygen.

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Answer from: Quest

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Answer from: Quest

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Gaseous butane will react with gaseous oxygen to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water ....

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