I NEED HELP PLEASE! :)

As you keep adding salt to water, eventually, the salt crystals stop dissolving and fall to the bottom of the container. What has happened?

The solution has become saturated.  

Explanation:

Assume you have 100 mL of water in a container.

You add  some salt, and it dissolves.

You add some more, and it dissolves again.

You have a dilute solution of salt.

But you can't keep adding salt forever.

Eventually, after you have added about 36 g of salt, no more salt will dissolve.

The solution has become saturated.

The water can't dissolve any more salt, so the additional salt will just fall to the bottom of the container and sit there.

hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only hydrogens and carbons. they can be saturated (those which contain only carbon-carbon single bonds) or unsaturated (those which contain carbon-carbon double or triple bonds) in nature. hydrocarbons can undergo several reactions like substitution, elimination etc.  

on substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon it results in the formation of haloalkane. as the halogen atoms are large compared to the carbon and hydrogen atoms, due to which the molecular weight increases and the bond become polar because of presence electronegative halogen atom and results in the increase in boiling point of the haloalkane.

thus, the correct option is (b) that is the boiling point of the new compound increases on substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon.