What does the number of valence electrons an atom has have to do with whether the atom will gain electrons or lose electrons ?

i believe you are right for all except the 3rd ( look at sqdancefan his answer is much better)

explanation:

intermolecular forces are the forces between molecules or particles.

there are two kinds of van der waals forces: weak london dispersion forces and stronger dipole-dipole forces.

in molecule of water there are dipole-dipole forces between negatively charged oxygen from one molecule of water and positively charger hydrogen of another molecule of water.

hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between two polar groups that occurs when a hydrogen atom (h), covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom such as flourine (f), oxygen (o) and nitrogen (n) atoms.