Acid-Base Reactions Custom Learning Goal: To learn to classify acids and bases and to predict the products of neutralization reactions. Acids are substances that ionize to form free H ions in solution whereas bases are substances that combine with H ions. Strong acids and strong bases completely ionize but weak acid and weak bases only partially ionize. A salt is a term for an ionic compound such as NaCl or MgBrz When an acid and a base are mixed together, a neutralization reaction occurs. The products of an acid-base reaction do not have the chemical characteristics of either the acid or the base that originally reacted. Part A Classify each substance as a strong acid, strong base, weak acid, or weak base.

HCL, H2SO4 and HNO3 are strong acids.

NaOH, KOH and LiOH are strong bases.

H3PO4, CH3COOH and HF are weak acids.

NH4OH, N2H4 and Zn(OH)2 are weak bases.

Explanation:

HCL, H2SO4 and HNO3 are strong acids because they completely converted into ions and gives H ion in the solution while H3PO4, CH3COOH and HF are weak acids due to their half ionization in the solution. NaOH, KOH and LiOH are strong bases completely dissociate in the solution and give OH ion while NH4OH, N2H4 and Zn(OH)2 are weak bases which cannot dissociate completely and yield less amount of OH ions. when acid and base combine together, they exchange their partners produces salt and water.

when—without warning—something provokes your anger, you may struggle not to succumb to it. since what typically makes you mad is feeling powerless in the face of what seems unfair, your anger is mostly an attempt at a “quick fix” to right the balance. it’s as though you’re raising a fist in protest, proclaiming that you’re not going to capitulate to such injustice.

there are, however, a multitude of problems related to this immediate, push-back reaction of anger. and probably the key one is that almost never does it resolve the issue that gave rise to it. such reactive anger is probably best understood as self-defeating. as david burns, the author of the seminal self- book feeling good, observes: if realistically, acting on your anger is to make any sense, it needs to meet two criteria—which, in almost every case, is frankly impossible. that is, your anger must:

be directed toward a person who has intentionally (and needlessly) behaved in a hurtful way toward you; and

be beneficial or advantageous to you (i.e., assist you in achieving a desired goal).

i think you’ll agree that only rarely can you claim that your anger is both warranted and , whether to yourself or the relationship.

so let me offer you a two-step alternative to abandoning your better judgment and giving in to the temptation of anger—one that should neutralize your anger in seconds. or, when you’re really angry, in minutes.

but keep in mind that you must really want to execute these steps, be sufficiently motivated to perform them. which means overcoming more unconscious resistance than you might ever have imagined. because there are many immediate “advantages” of anger that can interfere with your resolve, i’ll suggest a few of them that might interfere with your employing this powerful method to rid yourself of counter-productive anger.

explanation:

- lead + phosphoric acid = hydrogen + lead(ii) phosphate