what effect do concentration changes have on the reaction rate? A. The rate is affected by the concentrations multiplied by the value of the exponent. B. The rate is affected by the concentrations raised to the power of the rate constant. C. The rate is affected by the rate constant raised to the power of the concentrations. D. The rate is affected by concentrations raised to the power of an exponent.

D. The rate is affected by concentrations raised to the power of an exponent.  

Explanation:

For a general reaction A + B ⟶ products, the rate law is

This says that the rate is directly proportional to the concentrations of the reactants, each raised to the power of an exponent.

A is wrong. The concentrations are raised to the power of an exponent.

B is wrong. The rate constant is not an exponent.

C is wrong. The rate constant is not raised to the power of an exponent.

geosphere and hydrosphere.

this is because the geosphere has to do with geological events, while the hydrosphere controls all water on earth.