:3. Give the names of salts tormed when: (a) Sodium metal replaces hydrogen ions of nitric acid. (b) Calcium metal partially replaces hydrogen ion of carbonic acid. (c) Ammonium ion replaces the hydrogen ions of hydrochloric acid. (d) Potassium metal partially replaces the hydrogen on of sulphuric acid.

A. Sodium trioxonitrate (V) or sodium nitrat, NaNO3.

B. Calcium hydrogen carbonate, CaHCO3.

C. Ammonium chloride, NH4Cl.

D. Potassium hydrogen sulphate, KHSO4.

Explanation:

A. Sodium metal replaces hydrogen ions of nitric acid.

The equation for the reaction is given below:

2Na + 2HNO3 —> 2NaNO3 + H2

The salt formed is NaNO3 with the name sodium trioxonitrate (V) or sodium nitrate.

B. Calcium metal partially replaces hydrogen ion of carbonic acid.

The equation for the reaction is given below:

2Ca + 2H2CO3 —> 2CaHCO3 + H2

The salt formed is CaHCO3 with the calcium hydrogen carbonate

C. Ammonium ion replaces the hydrogen ions of hydrochloric acid.

The equation for the reaction is given below:

NH3 + HCl —> NH4Cl

The salt formed is NH4Cl with the name ammonium chloride.

D. Potassium metal partially replaces the hydrogen on of sulphuric acid.

The equation for the reaction is given below:

2K + 2H2SO4 —> 2KHSO4 + H2

The salt formed is KHSO4 with the name potassium hydrogen sulphate.

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