Consider a 0.5 L buffer that contains 0.12 M HOCl and 0.080 M KOCl. What is the pH of this buffer after adding 2.5 mL of 10M KOH to the solution

pH = 7.73

Explanation:

The pKa of the HOCl/KOCl buffer is 7.46. To determine the pH of this buffer we can use H-H equation:

pH = pKa + log [A⁻] / [HA]

pH = 7.46 + log [KOCl] / [HOCl]

Where [] is molarity -or moles- of each compound

Initial moles of HClO and NaClO:

HOCl: 0.500L * (0.12mol / L) = 0.06 moles HOCl

KOCl: 0.500L * (0.080mol / L) = 0.04 moles KOCl

Now, HOCl reacts with KOH producing KOCl:

HOCl + KOH → KOCl + H₂O

The moles of KOH in the reaction are:

2.5x10⁻³L * (10mol /L) = 0.025 moles KOH

That means after the reaction, 0.025 moles of HOCl are consumed and 0.025 moles of KOCl are produced.

And after the reaction, moles are:

Final moles:

HOCl: 0.06mol - 0.025mol = 0.035 mol

KOCl: 0.04mol + 0.025mol = 0.065 mol

Replaing in H-H equation:

pH = 7.46 + log [0.065mol] / [0.035mol]

gravity causes stares to cluster i think so

metals are good conductor of electricity. it has free electrons on their surface. according to electron pool theory, each atom present in a metal crystal losses all of its valence electron and as a result a pool of free is form. these pool of electrons are free to move and   conduct electricity easily   while making metal as good conductor.

the correct answer is a. the ability of electrons to flow throughout the metal.

if it's not useful, feel free to report for mistake in answer.