What action would reduce the activation of a chemical reaction

What are the spectator ions in 2h+ + so42- + ca2+ + 2r → caso4 + 2h+ + 21?

If 3.00 g of titanium metal is reacted with 6.00 g of chlorine gas, cl2, to form 7.7 g of titanium (iv) chloride in a combination reaction, what is the percent yield of the product?

Skills of homo sapiens were found an excavation. the skulls were preserved because the bodies were frozen. so, these fossils are (blank) fossils.the image shows the evolution of skulls beginning 2 to 3 million years ago. based on the image, modern human skulls(blank) ape skulls.