dipole moments occur when there is a separation of charge. they can occur between two ions in an ionic bond or between atoms in a covalent bond; dipole moments arise from differences in electronegativity. the dipole moment is a measure of the polarity of the molecule.
explanation:
in inorganic chemistry -dipole moment ( μ ) is the measure of net molecular polarity, which is the magnitude of the charge q at either end of the molecular dipole times the distance r between the charges. μ = q × r.