Describe how you would prepare exactly 100 mL of 0.109 M picolinate buffer, pH 5.61. Possible starting materials are pure picolinic acid (pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, FM 123.10), 1.0 M HCl, and 1.0 M NaOH. Place the given steps in order. Not all of the steps will be used.

1.342g of picolinic acid and 6.743mL of 1.0M NaOH diluting the mixture to 100.0mL

Explanation:

The pKa of the picolinic acid is 5.4.

Using Henderson-Hasselbalch formula for picolinic-picolinate buffer:

pH = pKa + log [Picolinate] / [Picolinic]

Where [] could be taken as moles of each species

5.61 = 5.4 + log [Picolinate] / [Picolinic]

0.21 = log [Picolinate] / [Picolinic]

1.62181 = [Picolinate] / [Picolinic] (1)

Now, both picolinate and picolinic acid will be:

0.100L * (0.109mol / L) =

0.0109 moles = [Picolinate] + [Picolinic] (2)

First, as we will start with picolinic acid, we need add:

0.0109 moles picolinic acid * (123.10g/mol) = 1.342g of picolinic acid

Now, replacing (2) in (1):

1.62181 = 0.0109 moles - [Picolinic] / [Picolinic]

1.62181 [Picolinic] = 0.0109 moles - [Picolinic]

2.62181 [Picolinic] = 0.0109 moles

[Picolinic] = 4.157x10⁻³ moles

And:

[Picolinate] = 0.0109 - 4.157x10⁻³ moles =

To obtain these moles of picolinate ion we need to make the reaction of the picolinic acid with NaOH:

Picolinic acid + NaOH → Picolinate + Water

That means to obtain 6.743x10⁻³ moles of picolinate ion we need to add 6.743x10⁻³ moles of NaOH

6.743x10⁻³ moles of NaOH that is 1.0M are, in mL:

6.743x10⁻³ moles * (1L / 1mol) = 6.743x10⁻³L * 1000 =

Thus, we obtain the desire moles of picolinate and picolinic acid to obtain the buffer we want, the last step is: