Select all possible answers: Which statement(s) are true about valence electrons?
a. Atoms are very reactive when they have full valence energy levels.
b. Atoms readily lose or gain valence electrons in order to achieve a full
outer energy level.
c. Atoms are stable when they have as many valence electrons as possible.
d. Valence electrons determine many of the properties of an atom.

The statement(s) which are true about valence electrons are:

c. Atoms are stable when they have as many valence electrons as possible.

d. Valence electrons determine many of the properties of an atom.

An atom refers to the smallest, indivisible unit that isnmade up of matter and forms all chemical elements.

In Chemistry, an atom comprises three (3) distinct particles and these are;

Valence electrons is simply the number of electrons that is/are present in the outermost shell of the atom of a chemical element.

Generally, valence electrons are typically used to determine whether an atom or group of chemical elements can bond with other chemical elements.

As a general rule, atoms with as many valence electrons as possible are more stable and reaches an octet state.

Lastly, valence electrons are used to determine the chemical properties of of the atom of a chemical element.

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c and d are correct

Explanation:

In A, false because in Valence Electrons, the more the valences, the more stable an atom is.

In B, false because atoms cannot readily gain or lose valence electrons as the number of valence electrons is determined by the column they are in.

In C, true because the more the valence electrons, the more the stability of an atom.  

In D, true as electron placing is important and the reactivity of an atom is important.

So C and D are true!

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes   ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.

i believe the answer is true.