3. You have a sample of fluorine to analyze. The sample is made up of neutral atoms. Using the information in the diagram at the right, determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons found in each atom of your sample. Explain your answer.

Using the information given in the diagram, the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom of the Fluorine-19 sample are 9, 10 and 9 respectively.

Given :

The number of protons = Atomic number

Hence, the number of protons = 9

2).

Recall :

Substituting the values into the formula :

19 = 9 + neutron number

neutron number = 19 - 9

neutron number = 10

3.)

The number of electrons = proton number + charge

Since, the atom contains neutral atom, then charge = 0

Number of electrons = 9 + 0

Number of electrons = 9

Therefore, the Number of protons, neutrons and electrons are 9, 10 and 9 respectively.

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1. Proton number is 9

2. Neutron number is 10

3. Electron number is 9

Explanation:

The following data were obtained from the question:

Atomic number = 9

Mass number = 19

1. Determination of the number of protons.

The atomic number of an element is simply the number of protons present in the atom of that element. Mathematically, it is expressed as:

Atomic number = proton number

Atomic number = 9

Proton number = atomic number = 9

Thus, the proton number is 9

2. Determination of the Neutron number.

Mass number = 19

Proton number = 9

Neutron number =?

Mass number = Proton + Neutron

19 = 9 + Neutron

Collect like terms

19 – 9 = Neutron

10 = Neutron

Thus, the Neutron number is 10.

3. Determination of the number of electrons.

Since the sample is made up of neutral atoms, the number of protons and electrons are equal i.e

Electron number = Proton number

Proton number = 9

Electron number = Proton number = 9

Thus, electron number is 9