Explain how the isotopes and ions of an atom differ.

istopes is a situation in which each of two or more forms of same element that contain equal number of protonwhile ions of an atoms are with extra electrons or missing electrons so they tends to differ

since the atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus, as we move to the left on the periodic table, the electrostatic pull between the nucleus and the valence electron shell decreases. as we move down a group (vertical column), the valence shell energy level gets further and further from the nucleus.