▪Which of the following factors contributes to the relative greater size at the bottom of the periodic table of a particular family?
a. smaller number of valence electrons
b. larger nuclear charge
c. greater number of protons
d. more energy shells

why is arctic sea ice important? arctic sea ice keeps the polar regions cool and moderate global climate. sea ice has a bright surface; 80 percent of the sunlight that strikes it is reflected back into space. as sea ice melts in the summer, it exposes the dark ocean surface.

nuclear fission produces elements that are heavier than helium.

the elements that are used in nuclear fission and their products are much heavier than helium.