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Cation is the postively charged unit which is formed by the transfer of one or more electrons. It is attracted towards cathode thus it is called the CATION.

Ionic bond is the type of bond which is formed between the positive and negative ions. It is mostly formed between the Metals (i.e. group 1 and 2) and Non metals (i.e. mostly group 7). The positive charge on metal is due to the loosing of electron and negative charge on non metal is due to accepting the electron.

A molecular ion is a covalently bonded set of two or more atoms, that can be considered to behave as a single unit, it also has a charge on it.

Conductivity is more in liquid than in solid because the conductivity is flow of electron and the movement is less in solid than liquids thus the solid has less conductivity. The liquid has more movement of molecules due to which there is more conductivity.

Formula unit is a emperical formula used to express the ions in ionic compounds. It is the least whole number ratio of the ions present in the ionic compound.

Crystal lattice is the arrangement of atoms, molecules, or ions of a crystal in the form of a three dimensional space lattice.

Anion is the negative charged because It receives one electron from the cations thus becomes negatively charged entity. It is attracted towards the positive anode thus it is called anion.

Ionic bond do not form molecules, They form the ions.

One type of bonding i.e. ionic bonding is formed by the attraction between the positive and negative ions.

It is the amount of energy required to change the state of matter.

1. for the first question, we must find the mass of the anhydrous salt, mgso₄. the molar mass for mgso₄·7h₂o is 246.47 g/mol, while that of mgso₄ is 120.37 g/mol.7.834 g mgso₄·7h₂o * 1 mol mgso₄·7h₂o/246.47 g * 1 mol mgso₄/1 mol mgso₄·7h₂o * 20.37 g mgso₄/mol = 0.647 g mgso₄

2. mass of water = mass of sample - mass of anhydrous salemass of water = 7.834 - 0.647 = 7.19 gpercent water in hydrate = 7.19/7.834 * 100 = 91.74%

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