What is the difference between a substrate, ligand, reactant and product?

Explain why scientists use shared characteristics to make cladograms.

Is this a single replacement reaction or there is no

In pea plants, the allele for tallness (t) is dominant to the allele for shortness (t). in the cross between a tall pea plant and a short pea plant shown below, what is the probability that the resulting offspring will be tall? whats the percent