using VBT discuss the electronic configuration, the geometric structure and the type of hybridization if the following molecules H2O, NH+4,SO2, PCl5

PCl

5

: P(G.S)=1s

2

2s

2

2p

6

3s

2

3p

3

P(E.S)=1s

2

2s

2

2p

6

3s

1

3p

3

One s , three p & one d orbitals of same shell participate to give sp

3

d hybridisation.

Shape: Trigonal bipyramidal.

Figure-1 represents the shell diagram.

Figure-2 represents the shape .

NH

3

:N(G.S)=1s

2

2s

2

2p

3

N(E.S)=1s

2

One s , three p participate to give sp

3

hybridisation.

Shape: Pyramidal

Figure-3 represents the shell diagram.

Figure-4 represents the shape .

H

2

O:O(G.S)=1s

2

2s

2

2p

4

O(E.S)=1s

2

2s

2

2p

x

2

2p

y

1

2p

z

1

Two half filled sp

3

hybrid orbital of Oxygen atom & s orbital of 2 Hydrogen atom overlap to form water.

Shape: V-shaped or distorted tetrahedral due to lp−lp,lp−bp,bp−bp repulsion.

Figure-5 represents the shell diagram.

Figure-6 represents the shape .

SF

6

:1s

2

2s

2

2p

6

3s

2

3p

4

Hybridisation- sp

3

d

2

Shape: Octahedral.

Explanation:

Hope it is helpful...

the density(ratio between mass and volume as m/v) decreases from top to bottom in periodic table group as the size increases and nuclear charge decreases. but in periods density increases from left to right as atom size decreases and nuclear charge increases.