A pair of students standard a sodium hydroxide solution using KHP and obtain the following concentrations: 0.1028 M, 0.1031 M, 0.1200 M, 0.1030 M and 0.1026 M. The students suspect that 0.1200 M is an outlier. Is 0.1200 M an outlier and what is the average concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution

0.1200M is an outlier.

Average = 0.1063M

Explanation:

An outlier is defined as a value that is atypical based on the other observations.

We can define an outlier as a value that is out of the average ± Standard desviation.

The average of the values is:

(0.1028 M + 0.1031 M + 0.1200 M + 0.1030 M + 0.1026 M) / 5

Computing the standard desviation, σ:

σ = 0.0077

The interval of accepted values is between:

0.1063 + 0.0077 = 0.1140M

0.1063 - 0.0077 = 0.0986M

As 0.1200M is out of this intercal, this value is an outlier

The definition of outlier depends of the author and the values you are studying.

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes   ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.