draw the resonance struture of the three possible carbocation intermediates to show how a methoxyl ( -OCH3) directs bromination toward ortho and para positions

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Explanation:

It is clear that certain substituted benzene compounds reacts faster than benzene during electrophillic substitution reactions. This owes to the activation of the benzene ring towards electrophillic substitution by resonance.

The -OCH3 group is ortho- para directing hence it directs an incoming electrophile (such as during bromination) to the ortho or para position as shown in the image attached. This occurs due to resonance (mesomeric) effect as shown in the image attached to this answer.

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- calcium has greater affinity to bond with electron receptors than hydrogen does and hence, it has the ability to replace hydrogen in most of its compounds.

- lithium has 2 valence electrons in the product because it can make only 1 bond with hydrogen. beryllium has 4 valence electrons in the product because it can only make 2 bonds. it has fewer electrons than neon and can react with electron donors. each hydrogen has 2 valence electrons, the same as helium.

- the covalent bond formed between carbon and hydrogen is polar because carbon is more electronegative than hydrogen and it attracts the bonded electron pair closer to itself, thus giving hydrogen a partial positive charge.

- a hydrogen bond is a relatively weak bond that hydrogen atoms make with the electronegative atoms nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.

so the best choice is a.) 2 calcium (ca) atoms

a is the answer to this question

explanation: